方法证据记录
Xenophobia Scale
The Xenophobia Scale measures fear, discomfort, or prejudice toward foreign nationals and immigrants. Unlike immigration policy preferences (which can reflect economic or pragmatic considerations), xenophobia captures affective and attitudinal dimensions—emotional threat perception, negative stereotypes, and cultural distance. Developed by migration scholars including Ceobanu and Escandell, it is essential for understanding antiforeign sentiment and discriminatory attitudes across diverse contexts.
源记录
引文逐字复制自方法源记录。这些引文不代表任何层级的验证。
Xenophobia and Anti-Foreign Sentiment Assessment Scale
分类方法记录 · process-pipeline / political-sociology
- Ceobanu, A. M., & Escandell, X. (2010). Comparative analyses of public attitudes toward immigrants and immigration using multinational survey data: The European Social Survey. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 36(6), 953-969. · URL
- Lahav, B., & Coursey, M. (2012). When the foreign direct investment FDI becomes a security issue: Russia, China, the United States, and the Middle East. Brookings Institution Press. · URL
- Schlueter, E. (2016). The causes and consequences of xenophobia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(47), 13368-13373. · URL
精选声明
声明已持久化到证据分类账中，每个声明都有自己的评估。
尚无精选声明
当分类账中没有声明时，此视图不会自行创建声明评估。
相关方法
从方法图中生成，显示为机器建议的关系 — 不推断任何证据声明。