方法对比

	加权典型案例抽样	加权抽样
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1990s–2000s (as a mixed-methods extension)	1940s–1952 (formalized in large-scale government survey work and the Horvitz-Thompson estimator)
提出者	Derived from Patton's typical case sampling (1990) combined with classical survey weighting principles	Morris H. Hansen, William N. Hurwitz; D. G. Horvitz and D. J. Thompson (theoretical framework)
类型	Purposive sampling with probability weighting	Probability sampling design
开创性文献	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage. pp. 236–238 (typical case sampling). ISBN: 978-0761919711	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407
别名	weighted purposive typical sampling, probability-weighted typical case selection, typical case sampling with weighting, weighted representative case sampling	probability proportional to size sampling, PPS sampling, unequal probability sampling, importance sampling
相关	6	6
摘要	Weighted typical case sampling combines the purposive logic of typical case selection — choosing cases that represent the modal, average, or most common profile of a population — with post-selection probability weighting. The result is a sample that is both substantively representative (cases reflect the norm) and statistically corrected for differential selection probabilities or population structure. It is used in mixed-methods and survey research where depth of typical examples matters alongside inferential accuracy.	Weighted sampling is a probability-based design in which units are selected with unequal probabilities proportional to a known auxiliary measure of size or importance. Sampling weights — the inverse of inclusion probabilities — are applied during analysis so that each sampled unit correctly represents the population units it stands for. The approach underpins large-scale government, health, and social surveys where simple random sampling would be inefficient.