方法对比

	加权典型案例抽样	目的性抽样
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1990s–2000s (as a mixed-methods extension)	Formalized ~1980–1990
提出者	Derived from Patton's typical case sampling (1990) combined with classical survey weighting principles	Michael Quinn Patton (systematic articulation); roots in early qualitative inquiry
类型	Purposive sampling with probability weighting	Non-probability sampling strategy
开创性文献	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage. pp. 236–238 (typical case sampling). ISBN: 978-0761919711	Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods (2nd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-0803937796
别名	weighted purposive typical sampling, probability-weighted typical case selection, typical case sampling with weighting, weighted representative case sampling	judgmental sampling, selective sampling, criterion-based sampling, purposeful sampling
相关	6	4
摘要	Weighted typical case sampling combines the purposive logic of typical case selection — choosing cases that represent the modal, average, or most common profile of a population — with post-selection probability weighting. The result is a sample that is both substantively representative (cases reflect the norm) and statistically corrected for differential selection probabilities or population structure. It is used in mixed-methods and survey research where depth of typical examples matters alongside inferential accuracy.	Purposive sampling is a non-probability strategy in which the researcher deliberately selects participants, documents, or cases that are information-rich with respect to the research question. Rather than drawing units at random, the researcher applies explicit criteria aligned with the study's purpose, maximising the depth and relevance of the data collected. It is the default sampling logic in most qualitative research designs and is also used in mixed-methods and applied evaluative work.