方法对比

	加权分层抽样	比例分层抽样
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1953–1965	1953–1965 (formalized in survey sampling literature)
提出者	Leslie Kish; William G. Cochran	William G. Cochran; Leslie Kish
类型	Probability sampling with weighting	Probability sampling design
开创性文献	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407
别名	stratified sampling with weights, design-weighted stratified sampling, post-stratification weighting, WSS	proportionate stratified sampling, proportional allocation stratified sampling, PSRS, proportionate stratified random sampling
相关	6	6
摘要	Weighted stratified sampling divides a population into non-overlapping strata and draws a probability sample from each stratum, then attaches a design weight to every selected unit so that estimates correctly represent the full population. Weights compensate for unequal selection probabilities that arise from disproportionate stratum allocations, non-response, or frame imperfections, making the procedure the backbone of most large-scale national and international surveys.	Proportional stratified sampling divides the target population into non-overlapping strata (subgroups defined by a key characteristic such as age band, region, or gender) and then draws a simple random sample from each stratum so that each stratum's share of the total sample matches its share of the total population. Because each subgroup is represented in exact proportion to its population weight, the resulting sample mirrors the population structure closely without requiring post-hoc weighting adjustments.