方法对比
并排查看您选择的方法；存在差异的行会高亮显示。
| 加权抽样× | 比例分层抽样× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 调查方法论 | 调查方法论 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1940s–1952 (formalized in large-scale government survey work and the Horvitz-Thompson estimator) | 1953–1965 (formalized in survey sampling literature) |
| 提出者≠ | Morris H. Hansen, William N. Hurwitz; D. G. Horvitz and D. J. Thompson (theoretical framework) | William G. Cochran; Leslie Kish |
| 类型 | Probability sampling design | Probability sampling design |
| 开创性文献 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407 |
| 别名 | probability proportional to size sampling, PPS sampling, unequal probability sampling, importance sampling | proportionate stratified sampling, proportional allocation stratified sampling, PSRS, proportionate stratified random sampling |
| 相关 | 6 | 6 |
| 摘要≠ | Weighted sampling is a probability-based design in which units are selected with unequal probabilities proportional to a known auxiliary measure of size or importance. Sampling weights — the inverse of inclusion probabilities — are applied during analysis so that each sampled unit correctly represents the population units it stands for. The approach underpins large-scale government, health, and social surveys where simple random sampling would be inefficient. | Proportional stratified sampling divides the target population into non-overlapping strata (subgroups defined by a key characteristic such as age band, region, or gender) and then draws a simple random sample from each stratum so that each stratum's share of the total sample matches its share of the total population. Because each subgroup is represented in exact proportion to its population weight, the resulting sample mirrors the population structure closely without requiring post-hoc weighting adjustments. |
| ScholarGate数据集 ↗ |
|
|