方法对比
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| 加权配额抽样× | 简单随机抽样× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 调查方法论 | 调查方法论 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | Mid-to-late 20th century | Early 20th century; systematized by Cochran 1953/1977 |
| 提出者≠ | Derived from quota sampling (mid-20th century market research) combined with survey weighting theory (Kalton, 1983) | William Gosset, Jerzy Neyman, and formalized by William Cochran |
| 类型≠ | Non-probability sampling with post-collection weight adjustment | Probability sampling design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Kalton, G. (1983). Introduction to Survey Sampling. Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0803921290 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407 |
| 别名 | quota sampling with weighting, weighted quota survey, post-weighted quota sampling, quota sample weighting | SRS, unrestricted random sampling, equal-probability sampling, EPSEM |
| 相关≠ | 5 | 6 |
| 摘要≠ | Weighted quota sampling combines quota sampling — recruiting a set number of respondents matching pre-specified demographic cells — with post-collection statistical weighting that adjusts each respondent's contribution to match known population proportions. The result is a non-probability design with a bias-correction mechanism, widely used in market research, political polling, and applied social surveys when probability sampling is impractical but representativeness remains a goal. | Simple random sampling (SRS) is the foundational probability sampling method in which every unit in the population has an equal and independent chance of being selected. Because selection is governed purely by chance, SRS eliminates systematic bias, supports unbiased estimation of population parameters, and provides the statistical baseline against which all more complex probability designs are evaluated. |
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