方法对比

	速度方位显示	热成风	WRF模型
领域	气象学	气象学	气象学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1968	1920s	2000
提出者	Browning and Wexler	Jacobbian insights from geostrophic flow	Skamarock and Klemp
类型	Radar wind retrieval method	Wind-temperature relationship	Atmospheric simulation system
开创性文献	Browning, K. A., & Wexler, R. (1968). The determination of kinematic properties of a wind field using Doppler radar. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 7(1), 105-113.	Holton, J. R. (2004). An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology (4th ed.). Academic Press.	Skamarock, W. C., Klemp, J. B., Dudhia, J., et al. (2008). A Description of the Advanced Research WRF Version 3. NCAR Technical Note NCAR/TN-475+STR.
别名	VAD, VAD analysis, Velocity-height profile	Thermal wind, Vertical wind shear, Barotropic	Weather Research and Forecasting, WRF, ARW, NMM
相关	3	3	4
摘要	The Velocity-Azimuth Display (VAD) is a radar analysis technique that extracts the radial velocity of wind at a constant altitude as a function of azimuth angle around the radar. By fitting a sinusoidal pattern to these measurements, VAD retrieves the mean wind speed and direction at that altitude, providing wind profiles without requiring multiple radar observations.	The thermal wind relationship is a fundamental meteorological principle that links vertical wind shear to horizontal temperature gradients. It states that wind speed increases with height in the direction of warming—a direct consequence of hydrostatic and geostrophic balance combined with the ideal gas law.	The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is a mesoscale atmospheric simulation system used for weather forecasting, research, and climate applications. Developed cooperatively by NCAR, NOAA, and academic institutions, WRF became operational in 2004 and has become one of the most widely used atmospheric models worldwide.