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| 二参数逻辑IRT模型 (2PL)× | 克朗巴赫α系数（信度分析）× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 心理测量学 | 统计学 |
| 方法族 | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| 起源年份≠ | 1980 | 1951 |
| 提出者≠ | Frederic M. Lord | Lee J. Cronbach |
| 类型≠ | Item response model / latent trait model | Reliability / internal consistency coefficient |
| 开创性文献≠ | Lord, F. M. (1980). Applications of Item Response Theory to Practical Testing Problems. Erlbaum. link ↗ | Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297–334. DOI ↗ |
| 别名≠ | two-parameter logistic model, 2PL model, 2PL IRT — İki Parametreli Madde Tepki Modeli | coefficient alpha, alpha reliability, internal consistency reliability, Güvenilirlik Analizi (Cronbach Alpha) |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | The two-parameter logistic item response model, formalised by Frederic Lord (1980), describes the probability that a respondent answers a binary test item correctly as a smooth S-shaped function of the respondent's latent ability. By estimating a separate discrimination parameter for each item alongside a difficulty parameter, 2PL allows items to differ in how sharply they distinguish high- from low-ability respondents — making it the standard model for large-scale educational and psychological assessments. | Cronbach's alpha is a coefficient of internal consistency that quantifies the degree to which a set of items on a scale measures the same underlying construct. Introduced by Lee J. Cronbach in 1951, it remains the most widely reported reliability index in social-science, health, and educational research. |
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