方法对比

	三角研究日记	三角检验证据
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1970s–1980s (triangulation formalized by Denzin 1978; diary methodology developed through 1980s)	1970s–1980s
提出者	Norman K. Denzin (triangulation framework); Mary Louise Holly (research diary practice)	Norman K. Denzin (triangulation); Yvonna Lincoln & Egon Guba (trustworthiness framework)
类型	Qualitative data collection technique	Qualitative data collection and verification technique
开创性文献	Denzin, N. K. (1978). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill.	Denzin, N. K. (1978). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
别名	reflective diary triangulation, multi-method research journal, triangulated reflexive diary, diary-based triangulation	multi-source field notes, cross-observer field notes, triangulated observation notes, TFN
相关	6	5
摘要	A Triangulated Research Diary is a qualitative data collection approach in which a researcher's ongoing reflective diary is used as one strand within a triangulated data collection strategy. The diary records observations, decisions, emotions, and emerging interpretations across the study, while at least one other data source — such as interviews, documents, or observations — is collected in parallel. Cross-checking diary entries against other sources increases the credibility and depth of the findings.	Triangulated Field Notes is a qualitative data collection technique in which field notes are recorded independently by multiple observers, from multiple vantage points, or at multiple time points and then systematically compared to strengthen the credibility and completeness of observational data. Rooted in Denzin's triangulation framework and Lincoln and Guba's trustworthiness criteria, the approach counters observer bias by cross-checking accounts before analysis begins.