方法对比

	Transparency Index	Citizen's Charter Evaluation
领域	Public Administration	Public Administration
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2006	1991
提出者	Transparency International / International Budget Partnership	UK Citizen's Charter programme / OECD service-charter practice
类型	Composite governance index	Evaluation framework
开创性文献	Transparency International. Anti-corruption and transparency measurement resources. Transparency International, Berlin.	OECD. Public governance, service delivery and citizen-centred public administration resources. OECD, Paris.
别名	Government Transparency Index, Openness Index, Fiscal Transparency Index, Disclosure Index	Service Charter Evaluation, Citizen Charter Assessment, Public Service Standards Evaluation, Service Commitment Review
相关	4	4
摘要	A transparency index is a composite measure that scores how openly a government discloses its decisions, finances and operations to citizens. By coding observable indicators — whether budget documents are published, whether access-to-information laws exist and are honoured, whether procurement and asset declarations are public — and aggregating them into a single normalised score, the index makes an abstract governance value comparable across jurisdictions and over time. Prominent operational examples include Transparency International's body of openness measures and the International Budget Partnership's Open Budget Index. Such indices anchor advocacy, conditionality and reform monitoring.	A citizen's charter is a public statement of the service standards that citizens are entitled to expect from a public organisation — waiting times, response times, accuracy, courtesy and avenues of redress. Citizen's charter evaluation assesses whether an organisation actually meets the commitments it has published, by operationalising each standard, measuring real performance, and comparing performance against the promised threshold. Originating in the UK's 1991 Citizen's Charter programme and now embedded in OECD service-delivery and citizen-centred public-administration practice, charter evaluation turns service promises into accountable, measurable obligations.