方法对比

	Total Fertility Rate	Gross Reproduction Rate
领域	人口学	人口学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2001	1928
提出者	Classical demographic index (formalized by Preston, Heuveline & Guillot)	Richard Böckh (concept) and Robert R. Kuczynski (popularization)
类型	Period summary fertility index synthesizing age-specific fertility rates	Single-sex summary fertility measure counting daughters per woman
开创性文献	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512
别名	TFR, Period total fertility rate, Sum of age-specific fertility rates, Toplam Doğurganlık Hızı	GRR, Gross reproductive rate, Daughters per woman (without mortality), Brüt Üreme Hızı
相关	4	4
摘要	The total fertility rate (TFR) is the central period measure of fertility in demography: the average number of children a woman would bear over her lifetime if she experienced, at each age, the age-specific fertility rates observed in a given year. Computed by summing age-specific fertility rates across the reproductive ages, the TFR removes the influence of population age structure and gives a single, intuitive figure — children per woman — that is comparable across populations and over time.	The gross reproduction rate is the average number of daughters a woman would bear over her lifetime if she experienced a given set of age-specific fertility rates and survived through all her childbearing years. It is a single-sex reproduction measure: by counting only daughters, it tracks how a generation of women replaces itself, ignoring the mortality that would thin the next generation. As such it sits between the total fertility rate, which counts all children, and the net reproduction rate, which discounts daughters for the chance of dying before they themselves reproduce.