方法对比

	文本校勘学	话语分析
领域	田野方法	质性研究
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Antiquity; modern systematic method c. 1850s (Lachmann)	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)
提出者	Classical philologists (Karl Lachmann foremost in systematic method)	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell
类型	Humanistic / philological research method	Method
开创性文献	West, M. L. (1973). Textual Criticism and Editorial Technique Applicable to Greek and Latin Texts. Teubner. ISBN: 978-3519074014	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.
别名	lower criticism, editorial criticism, philological criticism, manuscript criticism	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis
相关	5	2
摘要	Textual criticism is a systematic philological method for identifying, comparing, and evaluating variant readings across multiple manuscript or print witnesses of a text in order to reconstruct the most accurate version of the original — or the author's intended — text. Applied since antiquity to classical, biblical, and literary works, it remains the foundational editorial method in classical studies, biblical scholarship, medieval studies, and critical editing of literary works.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.