方法对比

	生活满意度量表 (SWLS)	通用健康问卷-12 (GHQ-12)	老年抑郁量表 (GDS)
领域	临床心理学	临床心理学	临床心理学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1985	1992	1982
提出者	Ed Diener, Richard A. Emmons, Richard J. Larsen, and Sharon Griffin	David P. Goldberg	Jerome A. Yesavage, Terry L. Brink, and colleagues
类型	Global life satisfaction self-report	Psychiatric symptom screening	Age-appropriate depression screening
开创性文献	Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75.	Goldberg, D. P. (1972). The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire. Oxford University Press.	Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V. O. (1982). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17(1), 37-49.
别名	SWLS	GHQ-12, GHQ	GDS, GDS-15, GDS-30
相关	5	5	5
摘要	The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) is a brief, five-item self-report measure of global life satisfaction developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin in 1985. It assesses the degree to which individuals are satisfied with their lives as a whole, reflecting a cognitive-judgmental component of subjective well-being. The scale has become a cornerstone instrument in well-being research, psychology, gerontology, and quality-of-life assessment across diverse populations.	The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) is a brief, 12-item self-report screening instrument for psychological distress and mental health problems in the general population. Developed by David P. Goldberg, the GHQ-12 is the most widely used short form of the longer General Health Questionnaire series. It is designed for rapid detection of minor psychiatric morbidity and assessment of psychological well-being in clinical, occupational health, and community settings.	The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a 30-item self-report depression screening instrument specifically designed for older adults. Developed by Yesavage, Brink, and colleagues in 1982, the GDS addresses the unique presentation of depression in aging populations, where symptoms may differ from younger adults. A validated 15-item short form (GDS-15) is widely used in primary care and community settings for rapid screening.