方法对比

	标准加标法	感应耦合等离子体光谱法
领域	分析化学	分析化学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1920s	1964
提出者	Analytical chemistry practice	Stanley Greenfield
类型	matrix-compensating calibration technique	multi-element analysis technique
开创性文献	Harris, D. C. (2010). Quantitative Chemical Analysis (8th ed.). Freeman. ISBN: 978-1429218153	Greenfield, S., Jones, I. L., & Berry, C. T. (1968). High-pressure plasma jet source for use in atomic spectroscopy. Analyst, 93(1108), 694–697.
别名	spiking method, known-addition method, matrix matching	ICP-OES, ICP-AES, ICP-MS, plasma emission spectroscopy
相关	5	5
摘要	The standard addition method is a quantitative analytical technique that determines the concentration of an unknown analyte by measuring the response before and after adding a known quantity of the analyte (a standard) to the sample itself. This approach compensates for matrix effects and interference from other sample components, making it invaluable when analyzing complex matrices (biological fluids, environmental samples, geological materials) where the sample composition profoundly affects the measured signal. The standard addition method is widely recognized in analytical chemistry as a primary quantification strategy when external calibration is compromised by matrix variability.	Inductively coupled plasma spectrometry is a powerful multi-element analytical technique that ionizes a sample in a high-temperature plasma and measures the emitted light (ICP-OES) or ion masses (ICP-MS) to determine elemental concentrations. Developed in the 1960s by Stanley Greenfield, ICP techniques have become the standard for trace element analysis across environmental, geological, biological, and industrial fields. The method combines exceptional sensitivity, wide dynamic range, and the ability to analyze dozens of elements simultaneously.