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| 空间安慰检验× | 因果关系的敏感性分析× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 因果推断 | 因果推断 |
| 方法族 | Regression model | Regression model |
| 起源年份≠ | 2000s–2010s | 1983–2002 |
| 提出者≠ | Developed organically in spatial econometrics and geographic RDD literature; prominent use in Dell (2010) and related work | Paul R. Rosenbaum (hidden-bias framework); extended by Cinelli & Hazlett (omitted-variable approach) |
| 类型≠ | Falsification / robustness check | Diagnostic / robustness check |
| 开创性文献≠ | Buonanno, P., Montolio, D., & Vanin, P. (2009). Does Social Capital Reduce Crime? Journal of Law and Economics, 52(1), 145-170. DOI ↗ | Rosenbaum, P. R. (2002). Observational Studies (2nd ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-0387989679 |
| 别名 | geographic placebo test, spatial falsification test, spatial robustness check, geographic spillover test | sensitivity analysis, hidden-bias sensitivity analysis, Rosenbaum sensitivity analysis, omitted-variable sensitivity |
| 相关 | 4 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | A spatial placebo test is a falsification check used in geographic or spatial causal-inference studies. The analyst applies the same estimation procedure to spatial units, boundaries, or zones where no treatment effect should exist — fake borders, shifted cutoffs, or buffer areas beyond spillover range — and checks whether a spurious effect emerges. A non-significant result in the placebo region supports the credibility of the main causal estimate. | Sensitivity analysis for causality assesses how robust a causal conclusion is to unobserved confounding. Rather than assuming all confounders are controlled, it asks: how strong would an unmeasured variable need to be to overturn the estimated effect? It is an indispensable robustness check after any quasi-experimental or observational causal analysis. |
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