方法对比
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| 空间粗粒化精确匹配 (Spatial CEM)× | 空间双重稳健估计× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 因果推断 | 因果推断 |
| 方法族 | Regression model | Regression model |
| 起源年份≠ | 2012 (CEM foundation); spatial extension in applied literature 2015-present | 2010s–2020s |
| 提出者≠ | Iacus, King & Porro (CEM foundation, 2012); extended to spatial contexts by applied spatial econometricians | Extension of Robins, Rotnitzky & Zhao (1994) doubly robust framework to spatial settings; developed in spatial epidemiology and econometrics literature |
| 类型≠ | Quasi-experimental matching estimator with spatial covariates | Semiparametric causal estimator |
| 开创性文献≠ | Iacus, S. M., King, G., & Porro, G. (2012). Causal Inference without Balance Checking: Coarsened Exact Matching. Political Analysis, 20(1), 1-24. DOI ↗ | Papadogeorgou, G., Mealli, F., & Zigler, C. M. (2019). Causal inference with interfering units for cluster and population level treatment allocation programs. Biometrics, 75(3), 778-787. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | Spatial CEM, Geographic CEM, Spatial exact matching, CEM with spatial covariates | Spatial DR, Spatial AIPW, Spatial augmented IPW, Doubly robust spatial causal estimation |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | Spatial Coarsened Exact Matching applies the Coarsened Exact Matching framework to study designs involving geographic units — neighbourhoods, census tracts, municipalities, or grid cells. Covariates are coarsened into discrete bins and units are matched exactly on those bins, with spatial attributes (location, adjacency, geographic characteristics) incorporated as matching dimensions to control for spatial confounding. | Spatial doubly robust estimation is a semiparametric causal inference method that combines propensity score weighting with outcome regression modeling — providing protection against misspecification of either component — while explicitly accounting for spatial autocorrelation among units. It extends the classical augmented inverse probability weighting (AIPW) estimator to settings where treatment assignment and outcomes are geographically clustered or spatially dependent. |
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