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| Fay-Herriot模型（小区域估计）× | 调查权重与校准× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 调查方法论 | 调查方法论 |
| 方法族≠ | Regression model | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1979 | 2010 |
| 提出者≠ | Robert Fay & Roger Herriot | Sharon Lohr |
| 类型≠ | Model-based survey estimator | Estimation adjustment procedure |
| 开创性文献≠ | Fay, R. E., & Herriot, R. A. (1979). Estimates of income for small places: An application of James-Stein procedures to census data. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(366), 269–277. DOI ↗ | Lohr, S. L. (2010). Sampling: Design and Analysis (2nd ed.). Brooks/Cole. ISBN: 978-0-495-10527-5 |
| 别名 | SAE, Model-Based Small Area Estimation, Area-Level Model, Küçük Alan Tahmini | Survey Calibration, Post-Stratification Weighting, Raking Adjustment, Ağırlıklandırma (Anket) |
| 相关≠ | 2 | 3 |
| 摘要≠ | Small Area Estimation (SAE) refers to statistical techniques that produce reliable estimates for subpopulations — geographical regions, demographic groups, or administrative units — where direct survey samples are too sparse to yield acceptable precision. The Fay-Herriot model, introduced by Robert Fay and Roger Herriot in 1979, is the canonical area-level SAE model. It supplements weak direct survey estimates with auxiliary covariate information through an empirical Bayes or BLUP framework, substantially reducing mean squared error for small domains. | Survey weighting is a statistical procedure that assigns a numeric weight to each sampled unit so that the weighted sample reproduces known population totals. Rooted in classical sampling theory and systematically synthesized by Sharon Lohr (2010), the approach corrects for unequal selection probabilities, unit nonresponse, and coverage gaps, producing estimates that are more representative of the target population than raw sample means or totals would be. |
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