方法对比

	切片采样	Gibbs Sampling	Hamiltonian Monte Carlo
领域	贝叶斯	贝叶斯	贝叶斯
方法族	Bayesian methods	Bayesian methods	Bayesian methods
起源年份	2003	1984	1987
提出者	Radford M. Neal	Stuart Geman & Donald Geman	—
类型	MCMC sampling algorithm	MCMC sampling algorithm	Gradient-based Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler
开创性文献	Neal, R. M. (2003). Slice sampling (with discussion). Annals of Statistics, 31(3), 705–767.	Geman, S. & Geman, D. (1984). Stochastic relaxation, Gibbs distributions, and the Bayesian restoration of images. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 6(6), 721-741.	Duane, S., Kennedy, A. D., Pendleton, B. J., & Roweth, D. (1987). Hybrid Monte Carlo. Physics Letters B, 195(2), 216–222.
别名	slice sampler, Neal slice sampler, uniform slice sampling, auxiliary variable slice sampler	Gibbs sampler, coordinate-wise MCMC, systematic scan Gibbs, blocked Gibbs sampling	HMC, Hybrid Monte Carlo, NUTS, No-U-Turn Sampler
相关	4	5	3
摘要	Slice sampling is a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm introduced by Radford M. Neal in his 2003 Annals of Statistics paper. It generates samples from a target distribution by drawing uniformly from the region under the density curve — called the 'slice' — without requiring the user to specify a step-size or proposal distribution, making it self-tuning and broadly applicable for Bayesian posterior inference.	Gibbs sampling is a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm that approximates a high-dimensional posterior distribution by repeatedly drawing each parameter from its full conditional distribution given all other parameters and the data. Because each draw is exact from a conditional — not a proposal that may be rejected — the sampler is efficient when those conditionals are available in closed form.	Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) is a gradient-based Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm that uses the geometry of the log-posterior surface to make large, informed jumps through parameter space instead of the small random steps of classical MCMC. Originally introduced for lattice field theory by Duane, Kennedy, Pendleton, and Roweth (1987) under the name Hybrid Monte Carlo, and brought into mainstream statistics by Radford Neal's authoritative 2011 chapter, HMC is today the default sampler in Stan and PyMC and is widely regarded as the state-of-the-art engine for Bayesian posterior inference in high-dimensional models.