方法对比

	单盲实验室实验	单盲随机对照试验
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Late 19th century; codified in 20th-century clinical and behavioral research	1948 (formalized); single-blind variant established in mid-20th century clinical trial methodology
提出者	Formalized in experimental psychology and pharmacology; Peirce & Jastrow (1884) early instance	Bradford Hill and colleagues (MRC streptomycin trial, 1948); blinding conventions codified in CONSORT guidelines
类型	Controlled experimental design	Experimental design — blinded randomized trial
开创性文献	Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN: 978-0395615560	Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G., Moher, D., & CONSORT Group. (2010). CONSORT 2010 statement: Updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. BMJ, 340, c332.
别名	single-masked laboratory study, participant-blind lab experiment, single-blind controlled lab study	single-masked RCT, single-blind RCT, single-blind trial, SB-RCT
相关	5	5
摘要	A single-blind laboratory experiment is a controlled study conducted in a laboratory setting in which participants do not know which condition (e.g., treatment or control) they have been assigned to, while the researchers administering the conditions are aware. This masking of participants reduces demand characteristics and response bias without requiring full investigator blinding, and the controlled laboratory environment allows tight manipulation of independent variables and precise measurement of outcomes.	A single-blind randomized controlled trial (SB-RCT) is a rigorous experimental design in which participants are randomly assigned to treatment or control conditions while remaining unaware of which condition they have received. Investigators, outcome assessors, and data analysts are not blinded. By masking participants, the design eliminates placebo and nocebo response biases on the participant side, while preserving investigator flexibility to administer and monitor the intervention.