方法对比

	单盲实验室实验	前测-后测实验设计
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Late 19th century; codified in 20th-century clinical and behavioral research	1963 (formalized in Campbell & Stanley)
提出者	Formalized in experimental psychology and pharmacology; Peirce & Jastrow (1884) early instance	Donald T. Campbell and Julian C. Stanley
类型	Controlled experimental design	Experimental / quasi-experimental research design
开创性文献	Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN: 978-0395615560	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.
别名	single-masked laboratory study, participant-blind lab experiment, single-blind controlled lab study	pretest-posttest design, before-after design, pre-post design, two-wave experimental design
相关	5	5
摘要	A single-blind laboratory experiment is a controlled study conducted in a laboratory setting in which participants do not know which condition (e.g., treatment or control) they have been assigned to, while the researchers administering the conditions are aware. This masking of participants reduces demand characteristics and response bias without requiring full investigator blinding, and the controlled laboratory environment allows tight manipulation of independent variables and precise measurement of outcomes.	The pretest-posttest experimental design measures participants on the outcome variable before and after treatment, typically with random assignment to treatment and control groups. The difference between pre- and post-scores isolates the treatment effect from baseline variation, making this one of the most widely used frameworks in experimental and quasi-experimental research across education, psychology, medicine, and the social sciences.