方法对比

	单盲实验室实验	实验室实验
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Late 19th century; codified in 20th-century clinical and behavioral research	17th century (natural science); ~1879 onward (behavioral/social science)
提出者	Formalized in experimental psychology and pharmacology; Peirce & Jastrow (1884) early instance	Francis Bacon, Robert Boyle (early scientific method); formalized in social science by Wilhelm Wundt (1879 psychology lab) and Ronald A. Fisher (20th-century design principles)
类型	Controlled experimental design	Experimental quantitative design
开创性文献	Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN: 978-0395615560	Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN: 978-0395615560
别名	single-masked laboratory study, participant-blind lab experiment, single-blind controlled lab study	lab experiment, controlled experiment, true experiment, lab study
相关	5	5
摘要	A single-blind laboratory experiment is a controlled study conducted in a laboratory setting in which participants do not know which condition (e.g., treatment or control) they have been assigned to, while the researchers administering the conditions are aware. This masking of participants reduces demand characteristics and response bias without requiring full investigator blinding, and the controlled laboratory environment allows tight manipulation of independent variables and precise measurement of outcomes.	A laboratory experiment is a research design in which the investigator systematically manipulates one or more independent variables under tightly controlled conditions, randomly assigns participants to conditions, and measures the effect on dependent variables. By maximizing internal control, the laboratory experiment is the gold standard for establishing cause-and-effect relationships. It is the backbone of experimental psychology, cognitive science, pharmacology, and many social sciences.