方法对比

	单盲对照组实验设计	前测-后测实验设计
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Mid-20th century (blinding standards consolidated ~1950s–1970s)	1963 (formalized in Campbell & Stanley)
提出者	Classical experimental tradition; blinding formalized in 20th-century clinical trial methodology	Donald T. Campbell and Julian C. Stanley
类型	Controlled experimental design	Experimental / quasi-experimental research design
开创性文献	Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN: 978-0395615560	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.
别名	single-masked controlled experiment, single-blind controlled trial, SB-CGD, single-blind parallel-group design	pretest-posttest design, before-after design, pre-post design, two-wave experimental design
相关	6	5
摘要	A single-blind control group experimental design is a controlled experiment in which participants are kept unaware of whether they are receiving the active treatment or a control condition, while researchers and outcome assessors remain unmasked. The design uses a designated control group as the baseline for comparison, allowing causal inference about the treatment effect while limiting participant-driven response biases such as the placebo effect and demand characteristics.	The pretest-posttest experimental design measures participants on the outcome variable before and after treatment, typically with random assignment to treatment and control groups. The difference between pre- and post-scores isolates the treatment effect from baseline variation, making this one of the most widely used frameworks in experimental and quasi-experimental research across education, psychology, medicine, and the social sciences.