方法对比

	单盲对照组实验设计	对照组实验设计
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Mid-20th century (blinding standards consolidated ~1950s–1970s)	1935 (Fisher); 1963 (Campbell & Stanley codification)
提出者	Classical experimental tradition; blinding formalized in 20th-century clinical trial methodology	Ronald A. Fisher; systematised by Donald T. Campbell & Julian C. Stanley
类型	Controlled experimental design	Experimental research design
开创性文献	Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN: 978-0395615560	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.
别名	single-masked controlled experiment, single-blind controlled trial, SB-CGD, single-blind parallel-group design	controlled experiment, true experimental design, randomized controlled design, treatment-control design
相关	6	4
摘要	A single-blind control group experimental design is a controlled experiment in which participants are kept unaware of whether they are receiving the active treatment or a control condition, while researchers and outcome assessors remain unmasked. The design uses a designated control group as the baseline for comparison, allowing causal inference about the treatment effect while limiting participant-driven response biases such as the placebo effect and demand characteristics.	Control group experimental design is a fundamental experimental structure in which participants are assigned to at least two groups — a treatment group that receives the intervention and a control group that does not — so that the effect of the intervention can be isolated by comparing outcomes across groups. Randomisation of assignment strengthens causal inference by balancing known and unknown confounders.