方法对比

	单盲A/B测试	随机对照试验 (RCT)
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Hypothesis test
起源年份	mid-20th century (blinded RCT framework); A/B test nomenclature ~1990s–2000s	1948
提出者	Fisher, R. A. (randomisation basis); blinding practice formalised in clinical trials mid-20th century	James Lind (early precursor, 1747); modern formulation: Austin Bradford Hill & Medical Research Council (1948)
类型	Controlled experiment with partial blinding	Interventional comparative study
开创性文献	Kohavi, R., Tang, D., & Xu, Y. (2020). Trustworthy Online Controlled Experiments: A Practical Guide to A/B Testing. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-1108724265	Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D., for the CONSORT Group (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials. BMJ, 340, c332.
别名	single-masked A/B test, single-blind split test, blinded two-condition experiment, participant-blind A/B test	RCT, randomised controlled trial, clinical trial, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma (RCT) Tasarımı
相关	6	7
摘要	A single-blind A/B test is a controlled two-condition experiment in which participants are randomised to condition A (control) or condition B (treatment) but are kept unaware of which condition they have received, while researchers and analysts remain aware. The blind prevents participants from changing their behaviour in response to knowledge of their assignment, reducing demand characteristics and response bias while still allowing the investigator to monitor the trial.	A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard experimental design in clinical and health research, in which participants are randomly allocated to a treatment group or a control group so that the effect of an intervention can be measured with the highest possible degree of internal validity. The modern parallel-group RCT was formalized by Austin Bradford Hill and the Medical Research Council in their landmark streptomycin trial of 1948, and its reporting is governed today by the CONSORT 2010 guidelines (Schulz et al., 2010).