方法对比

	仿真辅助根本原因分析	故障树分析 (FTA)
领域	实验设计	可靠性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1990s–2000s (widespread adoption in engineering reliability contexts)	1981
提出者	Evolved from root cause analysis practice (Kepner & Tregoe, 1960s) integrated with simulation methods (1990s–2000s in reliability engineering)	Vesely et al. (US NRC Fault Tree Handbook)
类型	Analytical / diagnostic engineering method	Deductive top-down failure analysis
开创性文献	Latino, R. J., & Latino, K. C. (2006). Root Cause Analysis: Improving Performance for Bottom-Line Results (3rd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN: 978-0849338267	Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. (1981). Fault Tree Handbook (NUREG-0492). U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
别名	Sim-RCA, simulation-based RCA, virtual root cause analysis, computational root cause analysis	FTA, Fault Tree Method, Top-Down Reliability Analysis, Hata Ağacı Analizi
相关	6	3
摘要	Simulation-assisted root cause analysis (Sim-RCA) integrates computational simulation — such as discrete-event simulation, Monte Carlo methods, or finite-element analysis — into the structured root cause analysis process to diagnose the underlying causes of complex failures or defects. By running virtual experiments on a system model, investigators can test hypothetical causal pathways safely, rapidly, and at scale, without disrupting live operations or waiting for rare failure events to recur.	Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a top-down, deductive reliability method that begins with an undesired top-level failure event and systematically traces backward through chains of contributing causes using Boolean logic gates (AND, OR). First formalized by Watson at Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1961 and later standardized by Vesely, Goldberg, Roberts, and Haasl in the landmark 1981 NRC Fault Tree Handbook, FTA has become a cornerstone of quantitative risk assessment in nuclear, aerospace, and industrial safety engineering.