方法对比

	模拟辅助故障树分析	基于风险的故障树分析
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1970s–1980s (widespread adoption in nuclear and aerospace industries)	1961 (FTA origin); risk-based integration formalised 1975–1981
提出者	Fault tree analysis: H. A. Watson (Bell Labs, 1961); Monte Carlo integration in reliability: Herman Kahn / Stanislaw Ulam (RAND, late 1940s); combination formalized in reliability engineering literature from the 1970s onward	H.A. Watson (Bell Labs) and developed further by Boeing/U.S. Air Force; risk-based extension via NRC probabilistic risk assessment programs
类型	Quantitative reliability and risk analysis technique	Quantitative safety and reliability analysis
开创性文献	Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. (1981). Fault Tree Handbook. US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, NUREG-0492.	Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. (1981). Fault Tree Handbook. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, NUREG-0492.
别名	SA-FTA, Monte Carlo FTA, simulation-based FTA, stochastic fault tree analysis	RB-FTA, risk-informed FTA, quantitative fault tree analysis, probabilistic fault tree analysis
相关	6	6
摘要	Simulation-assisted fault tree analysis (SA-FTA) combines the logical structure of classical fault tree analysis with Monte Carlo or discrete-event simulation to estimate the probability and timing of an undesired top event when component failures follow complex, non-exponential, or correlated probability distributions. The approach overcomes the analytical limitations of Boolean algebra-based FTA and is widely used in nuclear, aerospace, chemical process, and manufacturing reliability engineering.	Risk-based fault tree analysis (RB-FTA) combines classical fault tree analysis with explicit quantitative risk assessment. Starting from an undesired top event, the analyst decomposes it into contributing causes using AND/OR logic gates, assigns failure probabilities to basic events from reliability databases or historical data, and then propagates those probabilities through the tree to compute top-event likelihood. The result is expressed as risk — probability weighted by consequence severity — enabling prioritisation of safety interventions by their actual risk reduction impact.