方法对比

	简版项目分析	验证性因子分析（CFA）
领域	心理测量学	心理测量学
方法族	Latent structure	Latent structure
起源年份	1990s–2000s	1969
提出者	Psychometric tradition; methodological articulation by Smith, McCarthy & Anderson (2000)	Karl Gustav Jöreskog
类型	Item selection and evaluation procedure	Hypothesis-testing latent variable model
开创性文献	Smith, G. T., McCarthy, D. M., & Anderson, K. G. (2000). On the sins of short-form development. Psychological Assessment, 12(1), 102–111.	Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183–202.
别名	abbreviated scale item analysis, short-scale item evaluation, item screening for short forms, SFIA	CFA, confirmatory FA, measurement model, restricted factor analysis
相关	4	4
摘要	Short-form item analysis is the systematic psychometric evaluation and selection of items when constructing an abbreviated version of a longer measurement instrument. It applies classical and modern item-analysis criteria — item-total correlations, reliability estimates, and factor structure — to identify the smallest item subset that preserves the original scale's psychometric integrity.	Confirmatory factor analysis tests a researcher-specified factor structure against observed data. Unlike exploratory approaches, the researcher decides in advance which indicators load on which latent factor, and the model is evaluated by how closely the implied covariance matrix reproduces the sample covariance matrix. CFA is central to scale validation, construct validity assessment, and measurement invariance testing.