方法对比

	Sentence-Frame Substitution Task	Free Listing
领域	Anthropology	Anthropology
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1988	1988
提出者	Ethnoscience / cognitive anthropology tradition (Weller & Romney)	Cognitive anthropology tradition (formalized by Weller & Romney; Borgatti)
类型	Frame-elicitation procedure for item-by-attribute presence/absence data	Elicitation procedure for the items and salience of a cultural domain
开创性文献	Weller, S. C., & Romney, A. K. (1988). Systematic Data Collection. Qualitative Research Methods Series 10. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. ISBN: 9780803930742	Weller, S. C., & Romney, A. K. (1988). Systematic Data Collection. Qualitative Research Methods Series 10. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. ISBN: 9780803930742
别名	Frame Elicitation, Substitution Frame Task, Frame Substitution Technique, Sentence Frame Method	Free Lists, Free-List Task, Free Recall Listing, Freelisting
相关	4	4
摘要	The sentence-frame substitution task is a frame-elicitation technique in which the researcher builds a small set of sentence frames — templates such as 'Can you get X from Y?' or 'Is X a kind of Y?' — and asks informants to judge, for each item and each frame, whether the completed sentence is true or sensible. Each item is slotted into every frame in turn, and the yes/no verdicts are tallied into an item-by-attribute matrix. That binary matrix is the raw material for componential and ethnoscience analysis, which uncovers the features that distinguish the items of a cultural domain.	Free listing is a foundational elicitation technique in cognitive anthropology in which informants are asked to name, in any order, all the items they can think of that belong to a cultural domain — for example 'all the kinds of fruit' or 'all the things that can give you a cold.' Aggregating these lists reveals both the content of the domain (which items belong) and the salience of each item (how culturally central it is), inferred from how frequently and how early it is mentioned.