方法对比

	基于根本原因分析的敏感性分析	失效模式与影响分析 (FMEA)
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1990s–2000s (formalized integration in reliability and quality engineering literature)	1949 (military); widespread industrial adoption 1970s–1980s
提出者	Integrated practice drawing on sensitivity analysis (Saltelli et al.) and root cause analysis (Ishikawa, Kepner-Tregoe)	U.S. Military / NASA (formalized by MIL-P-1629, 1949)
类型	Integrated diagnostic and optimization method	Proactive risk analysis technique
开创性文献	Saltelli, A., Ratto, M., Andres, T., Campolongo, F., Cariboni, J., Gatelli, D., Saisana, M., & Tarantola, S. (2008). Global Sensitivity Analysis: The Primer. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0470059975	Stamatis, D. H. (2003). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA from Theory to Execution (2nd ed.). ASQ Quality Press. ISBN: 978-0873895989
别名	SA-RCA, sensitivity-driven root cause analysis, parameter sensitivity with failure analysis, sensitivity-informed RCA	FMEA, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, FMECA, Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis
相关	4	6
摘要	Sensitivity Analysis with Root Cause Analysis (SA-RCA) is an integrated engineering method that first quantifies how much each input parameter or process variable drives variability in a system output, then applies structured root cause analysis to the most influential factors to identify and eliminate the underlying failure mechanisms. The combination transforms numerical rankings of influence into actionable diagnoses, making it particularly effective in quality engineering, reliability analysis, and process improvement contexts.	Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a structured, proactive risk management technique used to identify potential failure modes in a system, process, or product design, evaluate their consequences, and prioritize corrective actions before failures occur. Originally developed for the U.S. military in 1949 and later adopted by NASA, automotive, and manufacturing industries, FMEA is now a cornerstone quality-engineering tool embedded in standards such as AIAG-VDA and ISO 9001-aligned processes.