方法对比
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| 基于失效模式与影响分析（FMEA）的敏感性分析× | 故障树分析 (FTA)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 实验设计 | 可靠性 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1990s–2000s (systematic integration) | 1981 |
| 提出者≠ | Grumman Aircraft (FMEA origin, 1950s); sensitivity analysis integration developed by reliability engineering community | Vesely et al. (US NRC Fault Tree Handbook) |
| 类型≠ | Hybrid risk analysis and sensitivity technique | Deductive top-down failure analysis |
| 开创性文献≠ | Stamatis, D. H. (2003). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA from Theory to Execution (2nd ed.). ASQ Quality Press. ISBN: 978-0873895989 | Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. (1981). Fault Tree Handbook (NUREG-0492). U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. link ↗ |
| 别名 | SA-FMEA, FMEA with sensitivity analysis, sensitivity-enhanced FMEA, SA-integrated FMEA | FTA, Fault Tree Method, Top-Down Reliability Analysis, Hata Ağacı Analizi |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 3 |
| 摘要≠ | Sensitivity analysis with failure mode and effects analysis (SA-FMEA) combines classical FMEA risk scoring with systematic sensitivity analysis to determine which input parameters — severity, occurrence, and detectability ratings — drive the Risk Priority Number (RPN) most strongly. This integration helps teams focus improvement resources where they matter most, revealing how uncertain or variable scoring assumptions propagate into final risk rankings. | Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a top-down, deductive reliability method that begins with an undesired top-level failure event and systematically traces backward through chains of contributing causes using Boolean logic gates (AND, OR). First formalized by Watson at Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1961 and later standardized by Vesely, Goldberg, Roberts, and Haasl in the landmark 1981 NRC Fault Tree Handbook, FTA has become a cornerstone of quantitative risk assessment in nuclear, aerospace, and industrial safety engineering. |
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