方法对比

	Semantic Prosody Analysis	Keyword-in-Context (KWIC) Analysis
领域	语言学	语言学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1993	1960
提出者	John Sinclair & Bill Louw (term coined by Louw)	H. P. Luhn (information retrieval); adopted in corpus linguistics by John Sinclair
类型	Corpus-based analysis of evaluative/attitudinal meaning from habitual collocation	Indexing and display technique aligning a keyword with its surrounding co-text
开创性文献	Louw, B. (1993). Irony in the text or insincerity in the writer? The diagnostic potential of semantic prosodies. In M. Baker, G. Francis, & E. Tognini-Bonelli (Eds.), Text and Technology (pp. 157–176). John Benjamins. ISBN: 9789027221391	Luhn, H. P. (1960). Key word-in-context index for technical literature (KWIC index). American Documentation, 11(4), 288–295.
别名	Discourse Prosody Analysis, Evaluative Prosody Analysis, Pragmatic Prosody Analysis	KWIC Index, Key Word in Context, Concordance Line Display
相关	4	4
摘要	Semantic prosody analysis is a corpus-linguistic method for uncovering the attitudinal or evaluative coloring a word acquires from the company it habitually keeps. Developed within John Sinclair's work on collocation and named by Bill Louw in 1993, it rests on the observation that some words carry a consistent positive or negative aura not recorded in dictionaries — the phrasal verb "set in" attracts unpleasant subjects (rot, decay, despair), and "cause" overwhelmingly precedes bad outcomes. The method retrieves a word's habitual collocates from a large corpus and reads them for a recurrent evaluative pattern, treating that pattern as part of the word's meaning. Because the prosody is built up across many instances, it is invisible from a single example and only emerges through corpus evidence, making this a paradigm case of how meaning lives in usage.	Keyword-in-context (KWIC) analysis is the indexing and display technique that presents every occurrence of a chosen keyword aligned in a fixed central column, flanked by a set span of the words that precede and follow it. Invented by H. P. Luhn in 1960 to index technical literature, the KWIC format became the standard way to read a concordance: by stacking instances of the keyword so they line up vertically, it lets an analyst scan the surrounding co-text for recurrent neighbors and patterns. It is the specific display layer underlying broader corpus concordance work, valued because alignment turns a list of scattered occurrences into a visually legible pattern. Today KWIC views are the default output of every corpus-analysis tool and the entry point for studying collocation, colligation, and meaning in context.