方法对比

	自监督视觉Transformer	微调视觉Transformer
领域	深度学习	深度学习
方法族	Machine learning	Machine learning
起源年份	2021–2022	2020-2021
提出者	Caron et al. (DINO); He et al. (MAE)	Dosovitskiy, A. et al. (Google Brain)
类型	Self-supervised pre-training for vision transformers	Transfer learning / fine-tuning of attention-based image model
开创性文献	Caron, M., Touvron, H., Misra, I., Jegou, H., Mairal, J., Bojanowski, P., & Joulin, A. (2021). Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision Transformers. Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), 9650–9660.	Dosovitskiy, A., Beyer, L., Kolesnikov, A., Weissenborn, D., Zhai, X., Unterthiner, T., Dehghani, M., Minderer, M., Heigold, G., Gelly, S., Uszkoreit, J., & Houlsby, N. (2021). An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale. In International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR 2021).
别名	SSL-ViT, self-supervised ViT, unsupervised ViT pre-training, vision transformer self-supervised pre-training	Fine-Tuned ViT, ViT fine-tuning, Vision Transformer transfer learning, ViT downstream adaptation
相关	4	5
摘要	Self-supervised Vision Transformer (SSL-ViT) applies self-supervised pre-training objectives — such as masked patch prediction (MAE) or self-distillation with no labels (DINO) — to the Vision Transformer architecture, enabling powerful visual representations to be learned from large unlabeled image corpora before any task-specific fine-tuning.	Fine-Tuned Vision Transformer adapts a large pre-trained ViT model — which splits images into fixed-size patches and processes them through self-attention layers — to a new image classification or recognition task using a relatively small labeled dataset. It achieves state-of-the-art accuracy in computer vision by leveraging rich representations learned during large-scale pre-training.