方法对比

	Self-Anchored Rating Scale	Target Complaint Scaling
领域	Social Work	Social Work
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2009	1966
提出者	Codified in social-work practice evaluation by Bloom, Fischer & Orme	Carolyn C. Battle, Jerome D. Frank & colleagues (Johns Hopkins)
类型	Individualized self-report rating scale with client-defined anchors	Individualized outcome measure based on client-elicited presenting complaints
开创性文献	Bloom, M., Fischer, J., & Orme, J. G. (2009). Evaluating Practice: Guidelines for the Accountable Professional (6th ed.). Pearson/Allyn & Bacon. ISBN: 9780205458066	Battle, C. C., Imber, S. D., Hoehn-Saric, R., Stone, A. R., Nash, E. R., & Frank, J. D. (1966). Target complaints as criteria of improvement. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 20(1), 184–192.
别名	SARS, Self-Anchored Scale, Individualized Rating Scale, Client-Anchored Scale	Target Complaints, Target Complaint Method, Battle Target Complaints, Target Problem Scaling
相关	4	4
摘要	A self-anchored rating scale (SARS) is an individualized measurement tool in which a client rates a personally relevant target — a feeling, thought, or behavior that may not be captured by any standardized instrument — on a fixed numeric scale whose points the client and worker have anchored in advance with concrete, individually meaningful descriptions. Widely taught in social-work practice evaluation through Bloom, Fischer, and Orme's work, it lets a worker measure highly idiosyncratic internal states repeatedly and reliably, supplying the data for single-system designs when no off-the-shelf scale fits.	Target complaint scaling is an individualized outcome measure in which the client names the specific complaints that brought them to treatment, each complaint is rated for severity at the outset and again at follow-up, and the change in those ratings indexes improvement. Introduced by Carolyn Battle, Jerome Frank, and colleagues at Johns Hopkins in 1966, it grounds outcome measurement in the client's own presenting problems rather than a fixed questionnaire, making it an early and influential model for person-centered, idiographic outcome assessment in psychotherapy and social work.