方法对比

	Seasonal Livelihood Analysis	Coping Strategies Index
领域	Development Studies	Development Studies
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1981	1996
提出者	Robert Chambers, Richard Longhurst & Arnold Pacey; Stephen Devereux and colleagues	Daniel Maxwell; CARE / World Food Programme
类型	Analytical method for understanding intra-annual livelihood variation	Behaviour-based food-insecurity index
开创性文献	Devereux, S., Sabates-Wheeler, R., & Longhurst, R. (Eds.). (2012). Seasonality, Rural Livelihoods and Development. London: Routledge/Earthscan. ISBN: 9781849714327	Maxwell, D. G. (1996). Measuring food insecurity: the frequency and severity of 'coping strategies'. Food Policy, 21(3), 291–303.
别名	Seasonality analysis, Seasonal livelihood programming, Hunger gap analysis, Seasonal vulnerability analysis	CSI, Reduced Coping Strategies Index, rCSI, Coping strategies score
相关	4	4
摘要	Seasonal livelihood analysis examines how poor households' livelihoods — their income, food access, labour demand, prices, debt, and exposure to hazards and disease — vary systematically across the months of the year rather than remaining constant. Rooted in the agenda set by Robert Chambers, Richard Longhurst, and Arnold Pacey in their 1981 work on seasonal dimensions to rural poverty and revived by Stephen Devereux and colleagues, it uses seasonal calendars to chart these intra-annual rhythms, locate the lean or 'hunger' season, and time interventions such as social protection so they reach people when need is greatest.	The Coping Strategies Index (CSI) is a behaviour-based indicator of household food insecurity that counts and weights the consumption-related coping strategies households adopt when they cannot access enough food. Developed by Daniel Maxwell in the 1990s and standardised in the CARE/WFP field manual, it asks how frequently a household resorted to behaviours such as eating less-preferred foods, borrowing food, reducing portion sizes, restricting adult consumption, or skipping meals, and combines frequency with severity into a single score that is quick to collect and well suited to monitoring and early warning.