方法对比

	Spatial Design Network Analysis (sDNA)	Accessibility Analysis
领域	Urban Studies	Human Geography
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2020	1959
提出者	Crispin H. V. Cooper & Alain J. F. Chiaradia	Walter G. Hansen
类型	Link-based spatial network analysis of street and path networks	Spatial index of the ease of reaching opportunities from a location
开创性文献	Cooper, C. H. V., & Chiaradia, A. J. F. (2020). sDNA: 3-d spatial network analysis for GIS, CAD, Command Line & Python. SoftwareX, 12, 100525.	Hansen, W. G. (1959). How accessibility shapes land use. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 25(2), 73–76.
别名	sDNA, Spatial Design Network Analysis, Link-Based Network Analysis, 3D Spatial Network Analysis	Hansen Accessibility, Gravity Accessibility Measure, Potential Accessibility, Spatial Accessibility Index
相关	4	4
摘要	Spatial Design Network Analysis (sDNA) is a toolkit for analysing street and path networks as link-based spatial graphs, measuring how individual road segments function as routes and destinations within the larger network. Developed by Crispin Cooper and Alain Chiaradia at Cardiff University, it computes closeness- and betweenness-style measures over geometrically accurate, optionally three-dimensional networks, using hybrid distance metrics that blend metric length, angular turn cost and topological steps. By weighting links and analysing them within chosen radii, sDNA predicts pedestrian and vehicle flows, land values and accessibility, bridging the configurational tradition of space syntax with mainstream geographic-information-system network analysis.	Accessibility analysis measures how easily opportunities — jobs, shops, clinics, parks — can be reached from a given location, combining the attractiveness (size) of destinations with the cost of travelling to them. The gravity-based formulation introduced by Walter Hansen in 1959 sums the opportunities at all destinations, each discounted by a distance-decay function of travel cost, producing a single accessibility score per origin that has become a foundational concept in transport geography and urban planning.