方法对比

	Sanctification Measures	Spiritual Transcendence Scale
领域	Religious Studies	Religious Studies
方法族	Latent structure	Latent structure
起源年份	2005	1999
提出者	Annette Mahoney & Kenneth I. Pargament	Ralph L. Piedmont
类型	Multidimensional latent measure of perceived sacredness	Higher-order latent measure of spiritual transcendence
开创性文献	Mahoney, A., Pargament, K. I., Cole, B., Jewell, T., Magyar, G. M., Tarakeshwar, N., Murray-Swank, N., & Phillips, R. (2005). A higher purpose: The sanctification of strivings in a community sample. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 15(3), 239-262.	Piedmont, R. L. (1999). Does spirituality represent the sixth factor of personality? Spiritual transcendence and the Five-Factor Model. Journal of Personality, 67(6), 985-1013.
别名	Sanctification Scale, Sanctification of Life Measure, Manifestation of God Scale, Sacred Qualities Scale	STS, Piedmont Spiritual Transcendence Scale, Spiritual Transcendence Measure, Sixth Factor Spirituality Scale
相关	3	3
摘要	Sanctification measures, developed by Annette Mahoney and Kenneth Pargament, quantify the degree to which a person perceives a specific aspect of life — a marriage, the body, parenting, work, personal goals — as sacred. The framework defines sanctification as the process by which an object of life takes on spiritual character and significance, and it is measured along two routes: theistic sanctification, the perception that the object is a manifestation of God, and non-theistic sanctification, the perception that it possesses sacred qualities such as being blessed, holy, or transcendent even without explicit reference to God. Because almost any domain can be sanctified, the measures are target-specific, and across studies higher sanctification predicts greater investment in, and benefit from, the sanctified object.	The Spiritual Transcendence Scale (STS), developed by Ralph Piedmont in 1999, measures spirituality as a broad motivational disposition — the capacity to stand outside one's immediate sense of time and place and view life from a larger, unifying perspective. Piedmont's striking proposal was that this disposition constitutes a sixth factor of personality, independent of the Five-Factor Model. The STS is built from three facets: prayer fulfillment, the experience of joy and contact with the transcendent through prayer or meditation; universality, the belief in the unity and shared purpose of all life; and connectedness, a sense of belonging and responsibility across generations and people. These facets combine into a higher-order spiritual transcendence score that Piedmont showed predicts outcomes beyond the Big Five and converges across self- and observer reports.