方法对比

	稳健 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验	稳健Friedman检验
领域	统计学	统计学
方法族	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
起源年份	1945 (original); robust extensions 1990s–2000s	1990s–2000s
提出者	Frank Wilcoxon (original); Rand R. Wilcox (robust extensions)	Extension of Friedman (1937); robust variants developed by Wilcox and colleagues
类型	Robust nonparametric paired difference test	Robust nonparametric repeated measures comparison
开创性文献	Wilcox, R. R. (2012). Introduction to Robust Estimation and Hypothesis Testing (3rd ed.). Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0123869838	Wilcox, R. R. (2012). Introduction to Robust Estimation and Hypothesis Testing (3rd ed.). Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0123869838
别名	robust signed-rank test, robust nonparametric paired test, outlier-resistant Wilcoxon test, robust WSR test	robust rank-based repeated measures test, trimmed-mean Friedman test, Friedman test with robust estimation, Fried-type robust test
相关	5	6
摘要	The robust Wilcoxon signed-rank test extends the classical Wilcoxon signed-rank test by incorporating outlier-resistant location measures or robust preprocessing steps, improving inference on paired data when extreme observations or heavy-tailed distributions threaten validity of standard rank-based conclusions.	The robust Friedman test is a nonparametric procedure for comparing three or more related (within-subjects) conditions that replaces standard ranking or mean-based summaries with robust location estimates — typically trimmed means or Winsorized statistics — to reduce the influence of outliers and heavy-tailed distributions on the inference.