方法对比

	稳健功效分析	功效分析
领域	统计学	统计学
方法族	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
起源年份	1990s–2000s	1969 (1st ed.); 1988 (seminal 2nd ed.)
提出者	Rand R. Wilcox and colleagues	Jacob Cohen
类型	Power and sample-size planning	Sample size and power planning
开创性文献	Luh, W.-M., & Guo, J.-H. (2010). Approximate sample size formulas for the two-sample trimmed mean test with unequal variances. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 63(1), 83–100.	Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805802832
别名	power analysis under non-normality, distribution-free power analysis, robust sample-size determination, contamination-robust power	sample size calculation, power calculation, sensitivity analysis, a priori power analysis
相关	4	5
摘要	Robust power analysis computes the statistical power or required sample size for hypothesis tests that use robust estimators — such as trimmed means or Winsorized variances — instead of ordinary means and standard deviations. It protects against inflated or deflated power estimates that arise when data contain outliers, heavy tails, or skewness that violate classical normality assumptions.	Power analysis is a planning and evaluation technique that quantifies the probability of detecting a real effect of a given magnitude at a chosen significance level. It links four quantities — sample size, effect size, significance level (alpha), and statistical power (1 minus beta) — so that researchers can determine the sample size needed before data collection or evaluate the sensitivity of a completed study.