方法对比

	稳健功效分析	效应量分析
领域	统计学	统计学
方法族	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
起源年份	1990s–2000s	1969 (first edition); 1988 (definitive second edition)
提出者	Rand R. Wilcox and colleagues	Jacob Cohen
类型	Power and sample-size planning	Standardized magnitude estimation
开创性文献	Luh, W.-M., & Guo, J.-H. (2010). Approximate sample size formulas for the two-sample trimmed mean test with unequal variances. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 63(1), 83–100.	Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805802832
别名	power analysis under non-normality, distribution-free power analysis, robust sample-size determination, contamination-robust power	effect magnitude estimation, standardized effect measure, practical significance analysis, ES analysis
相关	4	4
摘要	Robust power analysis computes the statistical power or required sample size for hypothesis tests that use robust estimators — such as trimmed means or Winsorized variances — instead of ordinary means and standard deviations. It protects against inflated or deflated power estimates that arise when data contain outliers, heavy tails, or skewness that violate classical normality assumptions.	Effect size analysis quantifies the practical magnitude of a statistical result independently of sample size. Rather than asking only whether a difference or relationship is statistically significant, it asks how large it is, using standardized indices such as Cohen's d, eta-squared, omega-squared, or Pearson's r that allow direct comparison across studies and populations.