方法对比

	稳健逆概率加权法 (Robust IPW)	Marginal Structural Model (MSM)
领域	因果推断	因果推断
方法族	Regression model	Regression model
起源年份	2000-2004	2000
提出者	Lunceford & Davidian (2004); Robins, Hernán & Brumback (2000)	James M. Robins, Miguel A. Hernan, Babette Brumback
类型	Causal weighting estimator	Causal model / semiparametric weighting
开创性文献	Lunceford, J. K., & Davidian, M. (2004). Stratification and weighting via the propensity score in estimation of causal treatment effects: a comparative study. Statistics in Medicine, 23(19), 2937-2960.	Robins, J. M., Hernan, M. A., & Brumback, B. (2000). Marginal structural models and causal inference in epidemiology. Epidemiology, 11(5), 550-560.
别名	Robust IPW, Stabilized IPW, Trimmed IPW, Variance-robust IPW	MSM, MSM-IPTW, marginal structural Cox model, weighted structural model
相关	5	5
摘要	Robust Inverse Probability Weighting is a causal inference estimator that reweights observed units by stabilized or trimmed propensity score weights, then applies sandwich or bootstrap variance estimation to guard against model misspecification, extreme weights, and inflated standard errors. It extends standard IPW to improve finite-sample performance and inferential reliability in observational studies.	A marginal structural model is a causal modeling framework designed to estimate the effect of a time-varying treatment in the presence of time-varying confounders that are themselves affected by prior treatment. By reweighting observations with inverse probability of treatment weights, MSMs create a pseudo-population in which confounding is eliminated, enabling unbiased estimation of causal treatment contrasts even when standard regression adjustments would fail.