方法对比

	稳健的 Geary C 统计量	Moran's I
领域	空间分析	空间分析
方法族	Regression model	Regression model
起源年份	1954 (base); robust variants: 1990s–2000s	1950
提出者	Geary (1954); robust extensions by Anselin and spatial statisticians	Patrick A. P. Moran
类型	Robust spatial autocorrelation statistic	Spatial autocorrelation statistic
开创性文献	Geary, R. C. (1954). The contiguity ratio and statistical mapping. The Incorporated Statistician, 5(3), 115–145.	Moran, P. A. P. (1950). Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena. Biometrika, 37(1/2), 17–23.
别名	robust Geary contiguity ratio, outlier-resistant Geary's C, robust spatial contiguity statistic, robust Geary C	Moran's I statistic, global Moran's I, spatial autocorrelation index, Moran index
相关	6	6
摘要	Robust Geary's C adapts the classical Geary contiguity ratio — a measure of spatial autocorrelation based on pairwise squared differences between neighbouring locations — to resist distortion by spatial outliers and influential observations. It retains the local sensitivity of Geary's C while producing more reliable inferences when the spatial data contain extreme values or non-normal distributions.	Moran's I is the standard global statistic for detecting spatial autocorrelation: whether nearby locations tend to share similar values. The index ranges from approximately −1 (perfect dispersion) through 0 (spatial randomness) to +1 (perfect clustering), allowing researchers to test whether a geographic pattern differs from complete spatial randomness with a single, interpretable number.