方法对比

	稳健效应量分析	功效分析
领域	统计学	统计学
方法族	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
起源年份	2005 (formalized)	1969 (1st ed.); 1988 (seminal 2nd ed.)
提出者	Algina, Keselman & Penfield; Wilcox	Jacob Cohen
类型	Robust effect size estimation	Sample size and power planning
开创性文献	Algina, J., Keselman, H. J., & Penfield, R. D. (2005). An alternative to Cohen's standardized mean difference effect size: A robust parameter and confidence interval in the two independent groups case. Psychological Methods, 10(3), 317–328.	Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805802832
别名	robust Cohen's d, trimmed-mean effect size, outlier-resistant effect size, robust standardized mean difference	sample size calculation, power calculation, sensitivity analysis, a priori power analysis
相关	5	5
摘要	Robust effect size analysis quantifies the magnitude of a difference or association using estimators that are resistant to outliers and violations of normality. Rather than relying on classical statistics such as Cohen's d based on sample means and standard deviations, robust variants use trimmed means and Winsorized standard deviations to produce effect size estimates that accurately reflect the typical effect rather than being inflated by extreme values.	Power analysis is a planning and evaluation technique that quantifies the probability of detecting a real effect of a given magnitude at a chosen significance level. It links four quantities — sample size, effect size, significance level (alpha), and statistical power (1 minus beta) — so that researchers can determine the sample size needed before data collection or evaluate the sensitivity of a completed study.