方法对比
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| 回顾性巢式病例对照研究× | 回顾性病例对照研究× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 流行病学 | 流行病学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1973 (formal description); widely adopted in epidemiology from 1980s onward | 1950s–1960s (formal methodology) |
| 提出者≠ | Nested case-control formalized by Mantel (1973); retrospective application via historical cohort records | Jerome Cornfield; formalized by Brian MacMahon and others in mid-20th-century epidemiology |
| 类型≠ | Observational analytic study design | Observational analytical study |
| 开创性文献≠ | Mantel, N. (1973). Synthetic retrospective studies and related topics. Biometrics, 29(3), 479–486. link ↗ | Schlesselman, J. J. (1982). Case-Control Studies: Design, Conduct, Analysis. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195029338 |
| 别名 | retrospective NCC, nested case-control within retrospective cohort, case-control nested in historical cohort, nested CCR | case-control study, retrospective case-referent study, case-referent design, trohoc study |
| 相关 | 5 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | A retrospective nested case-control study is an efficient observational design in which cases and matched controls are sampled from within an already-assembled retrospective cohort. Exposure data are retrieved from historical records only for selected participants, dramatically reducing data-collection costs while retaining most of the analytic power of the full cohort. It is widely used in pharmacoepidemiology, occupational health, and disease-registry research. | A retrospective case-control study identifies individuals who already have an outcome of interest (cases) and a comparable group without it (controls), then looks backward in time using existing records to determine prior exposure to a suspected risk factor. The primary measure of association is the odds ratio. This design is especially efficient for studying rare diseases or outcomes with long latency periods, since the outcome has already occurred before the study begins. |
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