方法对比
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| 回顾性巢式病例对照研究× | 队列研究× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 流行病学 | 流行病学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1973 (formal description); widely adopted in epidemiology from 1980s onward | Mid-20th century (formal epidemiological design codified ~1950s) |
| 提出者≠ | Nested case-control formalized by Mantel (1973); retrospective application via historical cohort records | Doll & Hill (British Doctors Study, 1951); Snow (cholera, 1854) |
| 类型≠ | Observational analytic study design | Observational longitudinal study design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Mantel, N. (1973). Synthetic retrospective studies and related topics. Biometrics, 29(3), 479–486. link ↗ | Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641 |
| 别名 | retrospective NCC, nested case-control within retrospective cohort, case-control nested in historical cohort, nested CCR | longitudinal study, follow-up study, panel study, incidence study |
| 相关≠ | 5 | 6 |
| 摘要≠ | A retrospective nested case-control study is an efficient observational design in which cases and matched controls are sampled from within an already-assembled retrospective cohort. Exposure data are retrieved from historical records only for selected participants, dramatically reducing data-collection costs while retaining most of the analytic power of the full cohort. It is widely used in pharmacoepidemiology, occupational health, and disease-registry research. | A cohort study assembles a group of individuals who share a common starting point — typically freedom from the outcome of interest — and follows them over time to observe who develops the outcome. By comparing incidence rates between exposed and unexposed subgroups, researchers can estimate relative risk and absolute risk differences. Cohort studies are the gold-standard observational design for measuring disease incidence and establishing temporal relationships between exposure and outcome. |
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