方法对比
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| 回顾性Cox比例风险模型× | 回顾性队列研究× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 流行病学 | 流行病学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1972 | Mid-20th century (widely formalized 1950s–1970s) |
| 提出者≠ | David R. Cox | Systematic use attributed to early 20th-century occupational epidemiology; formalized in modern epidemiological theory by Brian MacMahon and others |
| 类型≠ | Semi-parametric survival regression | Observational analytic study |
| 开创性文献≠ | Cox, D. R. (1972). Regression models and life-tables. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B, 34(2), 187–220. DOI ↗ | Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641 |
| 别名 | Cox PH regression (retrospective), retrospective Cox survival model, retrospective hazard regression, Cox model on historical data | historical cohort study, non-concurrent cohort study, retrospective follow-up study, historical prospective study |
| 相关≠ | 5 | 6 |
| 摘要≠ | Retrospective Cox proportional hazards regression applies Cox's (1972) semi-parametric survival model to time-to-event data extracted from existing records — medical charts, administrative databases, registries, or biobanks. It estimates covariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) without specifying the underlying baseline hazard, making it the dominant analytic tool when the investigator works backward from already-recorded outcomes and exposures. | A retrospective cohort study assembles a group of individuals who share a common starting point and reconstructs their exposure history and subsequent outcomes entirely from pre-existing records. Because the data have already been collected before the study begins, the design is far faster and cheaper than a prospective cohort; however, the researcher must work with whatever information was recorded at the time rather than collecting purpose-built measurements. |
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