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| Residue Analysis (Kinship Terminology)× | Free Listing× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | Anthropology | Anthropology |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份 | 1988 | 1988 |
| 提出者≠ | Cognitive anthropology and formal semantics tradition (codified by Bernard; Weller & Romney) | Cognitive anthropology tradition (formalized by Weller & Romney; Borgatti) |
| 类型≠ | Formal-semantic technique for defining kin categories by distinctive features | Elicitation procedure for the items and salience of a cultural domain |
| 开创性文献≠ | Bernard, H. R. (2017). Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches (6th ed.). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN: 9780759112421 | Weller, S. C., & Romney, A. K. (1988). Systematic Data Collection. Qualitative Research Methods Series 10. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. ISBN: 9780803930742 |
| 别名 | Componential Residue Analysis, Feature Residue Method, Distinctive-Feature Analysis of Kin Terms, Kin-Term Componential Analysis | Free Lists, Free-List Task, Free Recall Listing, Freelisting |
| 相关 | 4 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | Residue analysis is a componential, formal-semantic technique for defining the categories named by kinship terms. Each kin term is treated as a bundle of distinctive features — such as sex of relative, generation, and lineality — and the analyst seeks the minimal set of features that exactly picks out the genealogical positions the term covers. The cases a candidate definition fails to account for form the residue, and competing feature definitions are tested by which leaves the smallest, most principled residual. The method makes the implicit logic of a kin-term system explicit and falsifiable. | Free listing is a foundational elicitation technique in cognitive anthropology in which informants are asked to name, in any order, all the items they can think of that belong to a cultural domain — for example 'all the kinds of fruit' or 'all the things that can give you a cold.' Aggregating these lists reveals both the content of the domain (which items belong) and the salience of each item (how culturally central it is), inferred from how frequently and how early it is mentioned. |
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