方法对比

	远程德尔菲技术	在线调查
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1950s (classic Delphi); remote/e-Delphi from late 1990s	Mid-1990s (widespread scholarly adoption ~1995–2000)
提出者	Olaf Helmer and Norman Dalkey (RAND Corporation; classic Delphi); e-Delphi adapted by various methodologists from late 1990s onward	Mick P. Couper, Don A. Dillman (early systematic frameworks)
类型	Iterative expert consensus technique — remote administration	Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection technique
开创性文献	Hasson, F., Keeney, S., & McKenna, H. (2000). Research guidelines for the Delphi survey technique. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 32(4), 1008–1015.	Couper, M. P. (2000). Web surveys: A review of issues and approaches. Public Opinion Quarterly, 64(4), 464–494.
别名	online Delphi, e-Delphi, virtual Delphi, distributed Delphi	web survey, internet survey, e-survey, computer-assisted web interviewing
相关	4	6
摘要	The Remote Delphi Technique applies the structured iterative consensus process of the classic Delphi method entirely through remote communication channels — email, web-based survey platforms, or dedicated collaboration tools — eliminating the need for geographic co-presence. Experts complete successive questionnaire rounds asynchronously, receiving anonymised statistical summaries of the group's prior responses before each new round, until a pre-defined consensus threshold is reached.	An online survey is a structured data collection instrument hosted on a web platform and completed by respondents via internet-connected devices. It enables large-scale, geographically dispersed data gathering at low cost and with rapid turnaround. Respondents self-administer the questionnaire at their convenience, which reduces interviewer bias and permits automatic data capture. Online surveys are the dominant mode of survey research in social, behavioural, health, and market research today.