方法对比

	正则化高斯过程	正则化线性回归
领域	机器学习	机器学习
方法族	Machine learning	Machine learning
起源年份	2006 (canonical formulation); kernel regularization roots 1990s	1970–2005
提出者	Rasmussen, C. E. & Williams, C. K. I.	Hoerl & Kennard (Ridge, 1970); Tibshirani (Lasso, 1996); Zou & Hastie (Elastic Net, 2005)
类型	Probabilistic kernel model with regularization	Penalized linear model
开创性文献	Rasmussen, C. E., & Williams, C. K. I. (2006). Gaussian Processes for Machine Learning. MIT Press. ISBN: 978-0-262-18253-9	Tibshirani, R. (1996). Regression shrinkage and selection via the lasso. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B, 58(1), 267–288.
别名	Regularized GP, GP with noise regularization, sparse regularized Gaussian process, regularized Gaussian process regression	Ridge regression, Lasso regression, Elastic Net regression, penalized regression
相关	4	4
摘要	A Regularized Gaussian Process (GP) is a probabilistic kernel-based model that places a prior over functions and explicitly controls overfitting through a noise regularization parameter — the observation noise variance — that prevents the model from memorizing training labels. It produces calibrated uncertainty estimates alongside predictions, making it uniquely suited to small or expensive datasets where knowing how confident the model is matters as much as the prediction itself.	Regularized linear regression adds a penalty term to the ordinary least-squares objective, shrinking or zeroing out coefficients to reduce overfitting and handle multicollinearity. The three main variants — Ridge (L2 penalty), Lasso (L1 penalty), and Elastic Net (combined L1+L2) — make linear regression usable even when features outnumber observations or predictors are highly correlated.