方法对比

	回归与平滑样条	广义可加模型 (GAM)
领域	机器学习	机器学习
方法族	Machine learning	Machine learning
起源年份	1996	1986
提出者	Spline regression literature; P-splines by Eilers & Marx	Trevor Hastie & Robert Tibshirani
类型	Piecewise-polynomial nonparametric regression	Semi-parametric additive regression model
开创性文献	Eilers, P. H. C., & Marx, B. D. (1996). Flexible smoothing with B-splines and penalties. Statistical Science, 11(2), 89–121.	Hastie, T., & Tibshirani, R. (1986). Generalized additive models. Statistical Science, 1(3), 297–310.
别名	splines, cubic splines, natural splines, smoothing splines	GAM, additive model, spline-based additive regression, Genelleştirilmiş toplamsal model
相关	4	4
摘要	Regression splines model a nonlinear relationship by fitting piecewise polynomials that join smoothly at a set of points called knots. Cubic and natural splines are the most common, and smoothing splines add a roughness penalty that automatically balances fit against smoothness. Splines are the standard flexible building block for univariate nonlinear regression and the basis of generalized additive models.	A generalized additive model, introduced by Trevor Hastie and Robert Tibshirani in 1986, extends the generalized linear model by replacing each linear term with a smooth, data-driven function of the predictor. This lets the model capture nonlinear relationships while preserving the additive, term-by-term interpretability of regression: each predictor contributes its own estimated curve, and the curves simply add up (on a link scale) to predict the response.