方法对比
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| 随机对照试验 (RCT)× | 配对样本 t 检验× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 实验设计 | 统计学 |
| 方法族 | Hypothesis test | Hypothesis test |
| 起源年份≠ | 1948 | 1908 |
| 提出者≠ | James Lind (early precursor, 1747); modern formulation: Austin Bradford Hill & Medical Research Council (1948) | Student (W. S. Gosset) |
| 类型≠ | Interventional comparative study | Parametric mean comparison (paired) |
| 开创性文献≠ | Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D., for the CONSORT Group (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials. BMJ, 340, c332. DOI ↗ | Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics (4th ed.). SAGE. ISBN: 978-1446249185 |
| 别名 | RCT, randomised controlled trial, clinical trial, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma (RCT) Tasarımı | dependent samples t-test, repeated measures t-test, matched-pairs t-test, eşleştirilmiş örneklem t-testi |
| 相关≠ | 7 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard experimental design in clinical and health research, in which participants are randomly allocated to a treatment group or a control group so that the effect of an intervention can be measured with the highest possible degree of internal validity. The modern parallel-group RCT was formalized by Austin Bradford Hill and the Medical Research Council in their landmark streptomycin trial of 1948, and its reporting is governed today by the CONSORT 2010 guidelines (Schulz et al., 2010). | The paired samples t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that compares two measurements taken on the same subjects — such as a before and after reading — to decide whether the average change differs from zero. It rests on the t-distribution introduced by Student (W. S. Gosset) in 1908 and works on the within-subject difference scores rather than the raw measurements. |
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